Android is a Linux-based operating system designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. Initially develop by Android.Inc, which Google backed financially and later bought in 2005. Android was unveiled in 2007 along with the founding of the Open Handest Alliance : a consortiiium of hardware, software, and telecomunication companies devoted to advancing open standard for mobile devices. The first Android-powered was sold in October 2008.
Android is open source and google releases the code under thr Apache License. This open source code and permissive licsensing allows the software to be freelly modified and distributed by device manufactures, wireless carriers and enthuasiast developers. Additional, Android has a large community of developers writing applications (apps) that extend the functionalitly of devices, written primarily in a customized version of the Java programming language. In October 2012, there were approximately 700000 apps available for Android, and the estimated number of application downloaded from Google Play, Android's primary app store, was 25 billion.
These factors have contributed towards making android the world's most widely use smartphone platform, overtaking Symbian in the fourth quarter of 2010, and the software of choice for technology companies who require a low-cost, customizable, lightweight operating system for heigh tech devices without developing one from scratch. As a result, despite being primarilly designed for phones and tablets, it has seen additional aplictions and television, game consoles, digital camera and other electronics. Android's open nature has further encourage a large community of developers and enthuasiast to use the open source code as a foundation for community-drivrn projects which add new features for advanced users.
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